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SUGGESTED ADDITIONAL READINGS BLACK ELK SPEAKS, by John G. Neihardt. BOOK OF THE HOPI, by Frank Waters. THE BOOK OF THE VISION QUEST, by Steve Foster. Island Press. THE CHEYENNE INDIANS: THE SUN DANCE, by George A. Dorsey. FOUR DAYS … Continue reading →

  FIRE: The altar of the Great Spirit, or Wakan-Tanka, which gives life to all things. PIPE: The bowl, a single point, is the focus of all space and all things. When this is fired, illumination fills the universe. SPIRIT … Continue reading →

THE PIPE OF PEACE In his striking analysis of the symbolic man of the Osage tribe Francis La Flesche called attention to this triplicate relation as centrally symbolized by the ceremonial pipe. In the ritual devoted to this pipe upon … Continue reading →